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Quantum measurement (the irreducibly random process of wave function collapse) is not a part of the mathematical formalism (a perfectly deterministic process) of wave function time evolution. An oscillating system experiences damping when its energy is losing to the surrounding as heat energy. This scale is the decibel scale, in which the acoustic pressure level for the pressure amplitude $P$ is defined as $$\label{Eq:I:47:1} I\text{ (acoustic pressure level)} = 20\log_{10}(P/P_{\text{ref}})\text{ in dB},$$ $$\label{Eq:I:47:1} I \begin{pmatrix} \text{acoustic}\\[-.75ex] \text{pressure}\\[-.75ex] \text{level} \end{pmatrix} = 20\log_{10}(P/P_{\text{ref}})\text{ in dB},$$ where the reference pressure $P_{\text{ref}} = 2\times10^{-10}$ bar.

Pages: 400

Publisher: Prentice Hall; New Ed edition (July 1986)

ISBN: 013249129X

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